In some of these areas, reception can be difficult to obtain and an outside aerial must be used. The FM transmitter must be able to see its target area (receiver) to provide the best coverage.Īreas of weak signal strength behind hills, buildings etc, are known as 'shadows'. But if the signal is obstructed in any way by hills, tall buildings, forests, etc, then the signal strength reduces very rapidly behind the obstruction.
If the signal path from a transmitter to receiver is clear, ie line of sight, the signal strength level reduces at a constant rate with distance. A signal from the same transmitter can also be reflected off nearby buildings and hills and arrive at the receiver from a different direction to that of the main signal. The FM signal travels in a straight line from the transmitting aerial to the receiver.
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In many cases in very strong signal areas, a full aerial may not be required. FM Broadcastingīecause FM signals operate at very high frequencies the receiver aerial is specially designed to pick up the signals. Radio New Zealand’s National Radio transmissions are in mono while Radio New Zealand Concert is in stereo. Programmes may be transmitted in either mono or stereo. The technical quality of FM transmission is significantly superior to AM transmission as long as reasonable reception is possible or available. Other reception problems for FM listeners include lack of stereo reception (for Radio New Zealand Concert), noise, distorted sound, and, for the mobile VHF-FM listener, regular bursts of distorted sound from the receiver when travelling through hilly areas or built-up areas in the central city. Signals can travel long distances, but obstructions such as hills or tall buildings will cause the signal to lose strength more quickly. The further you are from a transmitter, the weaker the FM signal will be. If you have previously been able to listen but are currently experiencing problems, check our Scheduled Transmission Outages page which lists planned transmitter maintenance work. FM Reception Tips Planned transmitter maintenance
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